The La Mesa Fire was a wildfire on the Pajarito Plateau of New Mexico, USA, that was human-caused on the afternoon of June 16, 1977. Before it was contained one week later, the fire burned 15,444 acres (62.5 km²) of Bandelier National Monument and part of Los Alamos National Laboratory, where it reached K-site and S-site, two facilities used to fabricate and test chemical explosives. Resources deployed to contain the fire included 800 firefighters from surrounding states. One human life was lost when a firefighter suffered a massive heart attack while fleeing the first major blowup of the La Mesa Fire. A monument near the entrance to Bandelier National Monument honors his memory. A group of 27 high-school students were rescued after becoming trapped in the back country of Bandelier National Monument. The La Mesa fire burned around 60% of the drainage basin of Rito de Los Frijoles, a tributary of the Rio Grande, and increased awareness of the contribution of wildfire to severe erosion. The La Mesa fire was significant for stimulating scientific study of the effects of fire on ecosystems.
La Mesa Fire is one of several major wildfires in the recent history of the Pajarito Plateau: